时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：4人阅读
优点：高可用性，扩展性好，出现故障自动切换，对于主主同步，在同一时间只提供一台数据库写操作，保证的数据的一致性。
缺点：Monitor节点是单点，可以结合Keepalived实现高可用。master1服务器 192.168.13.167
master2服务器 192.168.13.151
slave1服务器 192.168.13.168
slave2服务器 192.168.13.145
monitor服务器 192.168.13.164[root@master1 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
##获取源地址
[root@master1 ~]# yum -y install epel-release ##安装epel源
[root@master1 ~]# yum clean all && yum makecache ##yum缓存清空
[root@master1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb ##安装mariadb数据库
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service ##关闭防火墙
[root@master1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service ##开启数据库[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf ##修改配置文件
[mysqld]
log_error=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.err ##错误日志文件
log=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_log.log ##主从日志存放位置
log_slow_queries=/var/lib/mysql_slow_queris.log ##man日志
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,information_schema ##二进制文件
character_set_server=utf8 ##字符集
log_bin=mysql_bin ##二进制日志文件
server_id=11 ##服务id（不能相同）
log_slave_updates=true ##允许从服务器更新
sync_binlog=1 ##同步日志
auto_increment_increment=2 ##自增列
auto_increment_offset=1 ##起始点
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl restart mariadb.service ##重启数据库[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf root@192.168.13.151:/etc/ （server-id=22）
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf root@192.168.13.168:/etc/ （server-id=33）
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf root@192.168.13.145:/etc/ （server-id=44）
[root@master1 ~]# netstat -anpt | grep 3306 ##查看端口3306
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4235/mysqld//master1服务器//
[root@master1 ~]# mysql ##进入数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status; ##查看主服务器的状态信息
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 | 245 | | mysql,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘replication‘@‘192.168.13.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
##授权给13段的网段复制的权限用户名replication密码123456
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//master2服务器//
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host=‘192.168.13.167‘,master_user=‘replication‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘mysql_bin.000001‘,master_log_pos=245;
##在master2上同步master1服务器
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘replication‘@‘192.168.13.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
##在master2上授权复制权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status; ##查看master2的服务器的状态信息
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 | 410 | | mysql,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//master1服务器//
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host=‘192.168.13.151‘,master_user=‘replication‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘mysql_bin.000001‘,master_log_pos=410;
##master1同步master2服务器数据库
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//master1,master2上开启同步//
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; ##开启同步
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G; ##查看同步状态信息
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: YesMariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host=‘192.168.13.167‘,master_user=‘replication‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘mysql_bin.000001‘,master_log_pos=245;
##在从服务器上同步master1主服务器
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; ##开启同步
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G; ##查看同步的状态信息
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes//主服务器master1//
MariaDB [(none)]> create database school; ##创建数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; ##查看数据库
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//从服务器上查看数据库//
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; ##实现主主，主从同步
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)##monitor服务器上
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum -y install epel-release
yum clean all && yum makecache
yum -y install mysql-mmm*
##其余服务器都需要安装mmm
[root@master1 ~]# yum -y install mysql-mmm*[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf ##所有主机上都要配置,直接复制多份
……
<host default>
cluster_interface ens33 ##修改网卡
…
replication_user replication ##修改用户名
replication_password 123456 ##密码
agent_user mmm_agent
agent_password 123456 ##密码
<host db1>
ip 192.168.13.167 ##master1地址
mode master
peer db2
</host>
<host db2>
ip 192.168.13.151 ##master2地址
mode master
peer db1
</host>
<host db3>
ip 192.168.13.168 ##slave1地址
mode slave
</host>
<host db4>
ip 192.168.13.145 ##slave2地址
mode slave
</host>
<role writer>
hosts db1, db2 ##写服务器虚拟ip
ips 192.168.13.250
mode exclusive
</role>
<role reader>
hosts db3, db4 ##读服务器虚拟ip
ips 192.168.13.252, 192.168.13.251
mode balanced
</role>
##复制到其他的服务器中
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf root@192.168.13.151:/etc/mysql-mmm/
root@192.168.13.151‘s password:
mmm_common.conf 100% 836 267.1KB/s 00:00
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf root@192.168.13.168:/etc/mysql-mmm/
root@192.168.13.168‘s password:
mmm_common.conf 100% 836 863.2KB/s 00:00
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf root@192.168.13.145:/etc/mysql-mmm/
root@192.168.13.145‘s password:
mmm_common.conf 100% 836 904.7KB/s 00:00
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf root@192.168.13.164:/etc/mysql-mmm/[root@monitor ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
<host default>
monitor_user mmm_monitor
monitor_password 123456 ##修改monitor的密码
</host>MariaDB [(none)]> grant super, replication client, process on *.* to ‘mmm_agent‘@‘192.168.13.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
##授权代理
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication client on *.* to ‘mmm_monitor‘@‘192.168.13.%‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
##授权监控
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db1 //根据规划进行逐一调整
[root@master2 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db2 //根据规划进行逐一调整
[root@slave1 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db3 //根据规划进行逐一调整
[root@slave2 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db4 //根据规划进行逐一调整
##所有数据库开启
[root@master1 ~]systemctl start mysql-mmm-agent.service ##开启代理服务
[root@master1 ~]systemctl enable mysql-mmm-agent.service ##加入开机自启动[root@monitor ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
<monitor>
ip 127.0.0.1
pid_path /run/mysql-mmm-monitor.pid
bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm
status_path /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status
ping_ips 192.168.13.167,192.168.13.151,192.168.13.168,192.168.13.
145
##所有数据库服务器地址
auto_set_online 10 ##自动在线时间
[root@monitor ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service ##关闭防火墙
[root@monitor ~]# setenforce 0
[root@monitor ~]# systemctl start mysql-mmm-monitor.service ##开启监控服务
[root@monitor ~]# mmm_control show ##查看主从的飘逸地址
db1(192.168.13.167) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.13.250)
db2(192.168.13.151) master/ONLINE. Roles:
db3(192.168.13.168) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.252)
db4(192.168.13.145) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.251)[root@master1 ~]# systemctl stop mariadb.service ##模拟停止master1服务器
//monitor服务器上查看//
[root@monitor ~]# mmm_control show
db1(192.168.13.167) master/HARD_OFFLINE. Roles:
db2(192.168.13.151) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.13.250)
db3(192.168.13.168) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.252)
db4(192.168.13.145) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.251)
（重启master1数据库服务，虚拟地址不会被抢占到master1）
mmm_control checks all //需要各种OK
mmm_control move_role writer db1 ##可以切换虚拟地址[root@monitor ~]# yum install mysql -y
//master1服务器上授权monitor地址访问//
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to ‘testdba‘@‘192.168.13.164‘ identified by ‘123456‘;
##授权monitor地址访问
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[root@monitor ~]# mysql -utestdba -p -h 192.168.13.250 ##使用虚拟地址即可登录数据库
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> MySQL——MMM高可用
标签：sch master 数据 schema serve 切换 date class def